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Gemini Series
DC/DC Converter Powers 600MHz Microprocessors
The Gemini Series is a high current three quarter brick DC/DC converter with:
1.5 to 2.5 Volt, 55 Amp Output 3.3 or 5V Input Option No Heat Sinking Required 4 Pin Programmable Output Voltage 87% Efficient: 3.3Vin and 2.5Vout @ 40A 84% Efficient: 5Vin and 2.5Vout @ 55A 137.5 Watts @ 100 Baseplate 33 Watts/cu. inch 2.3" x 3" x 0.6" Fixed Frequency Operation Automatic OVP Tracking to Voltage Trim Current Limiting with Auto-Recovery Power Good Signal Two Year Warranty
Control Functions
Remote Sense Output Enable
Protection Features
Over Temperature Protection Over Voltage Protection Over Current Protection
Typical Characteristics
Output Setpoint Accuracy: 1% Load & Line Regulation: 0.5% Total Regulation: 5% Noise & Ripple: 100 mVp-p Output Trim
Gemini Series, Page 1
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Part No. 98-004 Rev. 1.0
Specifications
General Specifications
Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Relative Humidity Vibration Weight 0C to +45C (@200LFM) -20C to +100C 10% to 95% RH, Non-condensing 10-500Hz 0.75g peak 75gm, typical (GPEV6-3V3-40) 200gm, typical (-S, -L) UL94V-0 1.2million hours* MIL-HDBK-217
Material Flammability MTBF
* Note: 50% load; 200LFM, 45C ambient
Input Characteristics
Operating Air Temperatures from 0C to +45C with 200 LFM, D0, D1, D2, D3 pins low state unless otherwise specified.
Parameter Name Test Condition Var Symbol Requirement Min Max Unit
Input Voltage Input Low Line Power-On V No Load Input Power Input Capacitor (external to the converter) Input Current Efficiency (with Local Sense) Reflected Input Ripple
3V3-40 -S, -L
VI VI VIon PIL
IO = 40A IO = 55A Module Power On VI =VInom 20 (330F) 12 (330F)
3.37 4.5 - - 6600 3900 - - 83 79 -
3.8 5.25 3.35 6 - - 35.2 35 - - 6.0
V V V W F F A A % % A P-P
3V3-40 -S, -L 3V3-40 -S, -L 3V3-40 -S, -L 3V3-40 II II N N dII
VI = 3.43V, IO = 40A, VO = 2.5V VI = 5V, IO = 55A, VO = 2.5V VI = 3.43V, IO = 40A, VO = 2.5V VI = 5V, IO = 55A, VO = 2.5V VI = 3.43V, IO = 40A, (Note 1) CIN = 20 (330F Tantalum) ESR = 60 m
-S, - L
dII
VI = 5V, IO = 55A, (Note 1) CIN = 12 (330F Tantalum) ESR = 60 m
-
11.0
AP-P
Switching Frequency
FS
250 Typ
KHz
Note 1: Measure input reflected current which is drawn from input capacitor CIN by converter. Place 3" loop between CIN and VIN of the converter.
Gemini Series, Page 2
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Part No. 98-004 Rev. 1.0
Specifications
Output Characteristics
Over the complete baseplate temperatures and input voltage ranges, D0, D1, D2, D3 pins low state unless otherwise specified.
Parameter Name Test Condition Var Symbol Min Requirement Typ Max Unit
Output Voltage Set Point Rated Output Current Line & Load Regulation Noise and Ripple
3V3-40 -S, -L 3V3-40 -S, -L 3V3-40 -S, -L 3V3-40 -S, -L
VOnom VOnom IO IO
Total Regulation (Load, Line, Short term and Long term Dynamic Temp Drift) Remote Sense Compensation Round Trip Static Output Overvoltage Protection (Nom) Latching Output Voltage Protection Response Time Current Limit (Nom) Short Circuit Current Over-temperature Shutdown (Tbaseplate) Load Transient Response, VO deviation from steady state (settling time to 1%)
3V3-40 -S, -L
VI = 3.43V, IO = 20A VI = 5.0V, IO = 30A VO = VOnom VO = VOnom VI = 3.37-3.8V, IO = 0-40A VI = 4.5-5.25V, IO = 0-55A VI = 3.43V, IO = 40A CO = 330F, 0.47F VI = 5.0V, IO = 55A CO = 330F, 0.47F VI = 3.37-3.8V, IO = 0-40A CO = 20 (470F) VI = 4.5-5.25V, IO = 0-55A CO = 20 (470F) VI = VI min, IO = full load VI = VI nom, IO = 5A
2.475 2.475 0 0 - - - - 2.375 2.375 - 107 - 42 57 - - - -
2.500 2.500 - - - - 100 100 2.500 2.500 - - - - - - - 110 -
2.525 V 2.525 V 40 A 55 A 12.5 mV 12.5 mV 120 mVP-P 120 2.625 2.625 100 120 50 - - 55 70 125 3 mVP-P V V mV %VO S A A Arms Arms C %VO
tOVP 3V3-40 -S, -L 3V3-40 -S, -L IL IL ISC ISC
VI = VI nom, IO = 5A VI = 3.43V, VO = 2.5V VI = 5.0V, VO = 2.5V VI = 3.43V, VO < 0.6V VI = 5.0V, VO < 0.6V
VOPK
Notes 1, 2, 3
Turn-on Time Turn-on Risetime (10-90%) Output Filter Capacitance Voltage Trim
ton trise Cout Vtrim
IO = 10-38A @ 28AS (di/dt) VI = 3.3V(3V3-40) VI = 5.0V(-S, -L) VO = 2.5V pos. or neg. step CO = 28-470F Cap (470F, ESR=55m) CIN=12-330F Cap (330F, ESR=60m) VI =VImin to VImax, IO=0-40A (See figures on page 5) VI =5.0V, IO=IOmax VI =VInom, IO=IOmax/2 VO=2.5V, Short Pin 1 & 10
-
-
1200
S
20 8 330 94.5
- - 95.5
120
mS
30 mS 13,200 F 96.5 %VOnom
Notes: 1. The converter output voltage shall be stable when (13,200F total) tantalum low ESR filter capacitors are connected across the output of the converter. 2. For 3.43 Input Voltage Rail having IOmax = 40A, the minimum input filter capacitor required is 6600F (use multiple 330F tantalum capacitor having 60m ESR.) 3. For 5.00 Input Voltage Rail having IOmax = 55A, the minimum input filter capacitor required is 3960F (use multiple 330F tantalum capacitor having 60m ESR.)
Gemini Series, Page 3
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Part No. 98-004 Rev. 1.0
Specifications
Output Voltage Adjustments
Control Pin D3 D2 D1 D0 Output Voltage Tolerance 1.2% Volts DC
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
1.429 1.500 1.571 1.643 1.714 1.786 1.857 1.929 2.000 2.071 2.143 2.214 2.286 2.357 2.429 2.500
Note: the converter shall be tested for four bits logic control.
Control Signal Characteristics
D0, D1, D2, D3 pins low state unless otherwise specified.
Parameter Name Test Condition Symbol Min Requirement Typ Max Unit
Enable_H* Enable_H Source Current Enable_H Voltage Low Enable_H Voltage High Enable_H High (Output Voltage) Powergood_H High Powergood_H Low Fault_H High Fault_H Low Fault_H Source Current
* Use Open Collector Logic to control Enable function.
VI = VInom, IO = 20A - - 4.5 2.475 3.3 - 4.0 - 1 - - - 2.500 - - - - - 1.0 0.8 5.2 2.525 - 0.8 5.1 0.8 - mA V V V V V V V mA
VI = VInom, IO = 20A VS - 5.0V, RL = 4K VI = VInom RL = 4K TO -SENSE
Gemini Series, Page 4
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Part No. 98-004 Rev. 1.0
Application Notes
Control Signals
Control Signal Characteristics: Per Table on Page 4. Enable_H: This input signal is used to enable the output of the converter when activated (active High). The signal is referenced to either the output side (-Sense) or GND. It has an internal pull-up resistor. To disable the converter requires an open collector logic signal to pull it down. 4 Bit Logic Signals: The state of the 4 bit control signals controls the output voltage. Normally, the 4 bits are in a `low state' and provide for a 2.5V output voltage. The output voltage may be programmed between 1.429 to 2.5V by setting appropriate logic bits `high' through D0, D1, D2, and D3. Powergood_H: The Powergood signal is in a `high' state when the output voltage is within +/- 7.5% of the output voltage programmed by the 4 logic bit inputs. OVPFault_H: This signal is in a `high' state when the output voltage is greater than +/-15% of the output voltage programmed by the 4 bit logic inputs or exceeds the maximum operating temperature of the converter. This output is the open emitter of a transistor which pulls to +5V in the high state and is open in the low state. For driving logic, an appropriate pull down resistor from OVPFault_H to - Sense is required. The OVPFault_H is asserted high when OVPFault is activated. When driving an SCR to `crowbar' the input source from a Fault_H signal, use the circuit below:
+5V 2N2222 Fault_H 100 SCR
Trim: The output voltage may be lowered from the nominal programmed value by adding an external resistor from the TRIM pin (J1-10) to - Sense (J1-1). This is used to obtain output voltages between the programmed values. The maximum value the output may be trimmed is approximately -4.5% of Vprog. The resistor value may be calculated from the following formula: (2490) (Vtrim) Rext = ------------------- - 15000 (3.49) (Vprog - Vtrim) Vtrim = Desired output voltage with Rext tied from TRIM pin to - SENSE. Vprog = Nominal programmed output voltage
Notes: 1. Vtrim must be less than Vprog. 2. The trim pin does not change the OVP or Powergood_H trip points. These are set by the 4 bit logic inputs
Enable Circuit Turn On Time
OFF >3V ON 0.6V 220K ON/OFF Gate Drive Voltage To VENABLE Pin 2N7000 or Equivalent To (-)
Output Load Conditions (Turn On)
20 (330F) C=6600F 3.37-5.25V Input Output C=(20)470F Tantalum Capacitors 9400F + RLOAD=40A
1K
0.1F
Turn On Time
Falltime <1sec 4.5V Gate Drive Voltage 0.8V 10V J1-J10 Trim Pin TURN_ON Time 0V 2.5V Time 10V
90% VOUT 10%
VO Vnom Trise Time tOVP VOUT 2.5V Vnom
Time
5.0V J1-J7 PowerGood_H (Volt)
VO PowerGood_H J1-J9 OVPfault_H Time Time OVPfault_H 5.0V
0
Gemini Series, Page 5
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Part No. 98-004 Rev. 1.0
Package Detail
COnfiguration/Dimensions
Aluminum plate flatness = 0.001 in/in 0.145 +/-0.02 standoff to power pins P16 VO RTN P8 0.025 VIN RTN A
Pin Assignments Power Pins (60 mils) Pin Designation P1 Vin P2 Vin P3 Vin P4 Vin P5 Vin RTN P6 Vin RTN P7 Vin RTN P8 Vin RTN P9 Vo P10 Vo P11 Vo P12 Vo P13 Vo RTN P14 Vo RTN P15 Vo RTN P16 Vo RTN
2.300 Max
3.025 Max +VO P9 control pins 9 10 1 2 P1
+VIN A control board control pins standoff/insert max dia = 0.225" 0.300 min recommenced clearance area around standoff 0.190 +/-0.020 0.300 min 0.052 max
0.025
airflow direction -S version only Bottom View (facing pins) Side View
Notes: 1. GPEV6-3V3-40 only: No heatsink, max height = 0.52" 2. Variations -S, -L only: 0.88" heatsink attached to plate. Max height w/ heatsink =1.4" 3. Components on side 2 shall be 0.030" min. below the standoff.
2.300 Max 1.605 0.595 0.100 Power Pins 0.150 ctr-ctr Power Pins 0.200 ctr-ctr 2.737 P9 2.025 1.425 control pins 1 2.000 ctr-ctr P1
0.050 Max 2 plcs
0.025 Max 2 plcs
PCB control board
3.025 Max 2. 812
Signal Pins (25 mils sq.) Pin Designation J1-1 -Sense J1-2 +Sense J1-3 D0 J1-4 D1 J1-5 D2 J1-6 D3 J1-7 PowerGood_H J1-8 Enable_H J1-9 OVPFault_H J1-10 Trim
0.100
standoff
0.150
0.475 1.450 1.725 2.100 Bottom View (facing pins)
0.162 optional insert
Notes: Standoff is used for mounting the heatsink on the plate of the converter. Use 4 - 40 screws. Control pins: 0.025 sq pin, 2x 10 pos. Power pins: 0.060 +/- 0.005 diameter
Gemini Series, Page 6
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Part No. 98-004 Rev. 1.0
PACKAGE DETAIL
Heatsink Variations
Fins Parallel to Long Side (-L)
2.650 0.163 13x 0.88 4x 0.300
1.130
1.250
2.200 11x 0.196 0.040
0.475 0.120 4x O 0.160 2.975 0.150 Note: Recommended fin spacing
Fins Perpendicular to Long Side (-S)
15x 0.050 2x 0.040
0.88
14x 0.171 0.150 0.293 2.975 0.163
2.650 0.120 Note: Recommended fin spacing
2.200 0.120
1.130
0.475 4x O 0.160
ORDERING INFORMATION
Model Number Input Voltage Output Voltage Max Current Efficiency (Typ)
GPEV6-3V3-40 GPEV6-5V0-55-S* GPEV6-5V0-55-L*
3.3-5.25V 4.5-5.25 V 4.5-5.25V
2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V
40 A 55 A 55 A
87 % 84% 84%
* -S: short heatsink fins (perpendicular to long side) -L: long heatsink fins (parallel to long side)
Gemini Series, Page 7
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Part No. 98-004 Rev. 1.0
Galaxy Power Inc. warrants to the original purchaser that the products conform to this data sheet and are free from material and workmanship defects for a period of two (2) years from the date of manufacture, if this product is used within specified conditions. Galaxy Power Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the product(s) or information contained herein without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of their use or application. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of any such products or information. For additional details on this limited warranty consult the factory.
Gemini Series, Page 8
(c) Copyright 2000 Galaxy Power. Specifications subject to change without notice.
WWW.GALAXYPWR.COM
155 Flanders Road Westborough, MA 01581 508-870-9775 Fax: 508-870-9796 e-mail: galaxy@galaxypwr.com website: http://www.galaxypwr.com
Part No. 98-004 Rev. 1.0

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